Exploring Benzimidazole Analogues: Structural Modifications and Their Impact on Antimicrobial Activity

Abstract

Benzimidazole and its derivatives are well-recognized for their extensive biological activities, including antimicrobial, antifungal, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties. Their biological efficacy stems from their structural resemblance to purines, which allows them to interact with enzymes and receptors in biological systems. The benzimidazole nucleus functions as a core scaffold in many clinically approved drugs, such as albendazole and mebendazole, which are used as anthelmintic agents. The present study extensively reviewed the biological evaluation of benzimidazole derivatives, focusing on their antimicrobial potential. Various substitutions on the benzimidazole ring significantly influenced the bioactivity of the compounds, highlighting the importance of strategic modifications in enhancing efficacy.

Keywords: Benzimidazole, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antifungal, biological