Intelligent Contact Lenses for Dynamic Ocular Drug Release

Abstract

Intelligent contact lenses represent a revolutionary advancement in ocular drug delivery, offering a precise, controlled, and patient-friendly alternative to conventional eye drops. These smart lenses integrate microelectronic sensors, stimuli-responsive polymers, and drug-loaded reservoirs to enable dynamic, on-demand drug release in response to physiological or external triggers such as pH, temperature, tear composition, or intraocular pressure. By maintaining sustained and localized drug concentration at the corneal surface, intelligent contact lenses enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic side effects and dosing frequency. Recent developments in nanotechnology, biosensing, and wireless communication have further enabled real-time monitoring of ocular health parameters and personalized drug administration. Despite promising outcomes in preclinical studies, challenges such as biocompatibility, long-term stability, and large scale manufacturing remain. Future research aims to integrate these lenses into next-generation precision eye care systems that combine vision correction, disease monitoring, and adaptive drug delivery for conditions like glaucoma, dry eye syndrome, and diabetic retinopathy.

Keywords: Intelligent contact lenses, dynamic drug release, ocular drug delivery, stimuli-responsive polymers, Biosensors, personalized ophthalmic therapy.