Ficus Carica: A Boon in Indian Traditional Medicine

Abstract

The Ficus genus, part of the Moraceae family, comprises around 850 species, many of which serve as a nutritional source for humans. Various parts of Ficus plants, including roots, stems, leaves, and fruits, are medicinally significant due to their rich content of bioactive phytochemicals. These compounds include polyphenols, phenolic acids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, and vitamins, which exhibit strong antioxidant properties.

The antioxidant potential of Ficus phytochemicals enables them to neutralize free radicals, chelate metals, and reduce oxidative stress in biological systems. This, in turn, contributes to the plants' various biological activities, including antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, and anticancer effects. Ficus plants have been found to possess hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, and renal-protective properties, making them effective in treating a range of conditions, such as diabetes, stomach issues, skin diseases, inflammation, and cancer.

The diverse phytochemical composition of Ficus plants underscores their medicinal value and potential for therapeutic applications. By leveraging the antioxidant and biological activities of these plants, it's possible to develop new treatments and prevention strategies for various diseases. Overall, Ficus plants offer a rich source of bioactive compounds with significant potential for improving human health and well-being. Their long history of use in traditional medicine is supported by scientific evidence highlighting their efficacy and potential benefits.

Keywords: Moraceae, Ficus, Chelate metals, Oxidative stress, Antidiabetic, Anticancer