Formulation and Evaluation of Extended-Release Glipizide Capsules Using Ethyl Cellulose and HPMC K100M for Once-Daily Oral Delivery

Abstract

Glipizide is a second-generation sulfonylurea used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, but its short elimination half-life and poor aqueous solubility make it a suitable candidate for extended-release oral drug delivery. Hydrophilic-hydrophobic matrix systems based on hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and ethyl cellulose (EC) are widely used to modulate drug release through combined diffusion, swelling, and matrix relaxation mechanisms.

Objective: The study aimed to develop and evaluate extended-release matrix capsules of glipizide using different EC:HPMC K100M ratios and to identify an optimized formulation capable of sustained release over 24 hours.